Heritage Tourism, Archaeology, & Ecotourism: An Example From Lamanai In Northern BELIZE

Cultural tourism, public archaeology, heritage tourism,the needs of both visitors, researchers, and local
ecotourism, or whatever vocabulary you believe bestresidents. Finding this balance is the challenge.
describes this growing segment of the tourism sectorAll parties must be well briefed in the importance of
and the field of archaeology, is made up of a globalapproaching cultural tourism in a sustainable manner;
industry that has significant magnitude. The Travelthis includes education and planning for preservation
Industry Association of America and Smithsonianand protection of prehistoric, historic, cultural, and
Magazine (2003) revealed that 81% of traveling adultsnatural resources of an area. These are irreplaceable
from the United States were considered historicresources and this fact needs to be stressed by and
cultural travelers - a 13% increase since 1996. Andto all members including guides, archaeologists,
according to Belize's Immigration Department, in 2004educators, students, and individuals in the tourist
over half of 230,000 visitors to Belize were from theindustry.
U.S., and a good portion of them certainly would beAs suggested by J. Carman and S. Keitumetse
part of that 81% who consider themselves cultural(Talking About Heritage & Tourism, May 2005,
travelers.The Society for American Archaeology, The SAA
Although heritage tourism can have a negative impactArchaeological Record), where tourism and culture
on a community and its surrounding area, if it is planned,interact, communities will always be a portion of the
executed properly, and numerous partnerships areequation and are necessary subjects for any heritage
established it can provide many benefits including:research. Realizing that culture is about differences
~ creating jobs and businesses;and tourism is about the experience of the cultural
~ increasing tax revenues;differences "emphasizes that the nature of the
~ diversifying the local economy;experience should be focused on, not how cultural
~ creating opportunities for partnerships;processes could be saved from the impact of
~ attracting visitors interested in history andtourism". Certainly there is a need to be aware of "the
preservation;impact of tourism" but to concentrate solely on this
~ increasing prehistoric and historic attraction revenues;aspect misses the point of cultural tourism and the
~ preserving local traditions and culture;positive influences it can have. This impact of tourism is
~ generating local investment in historic resources;often viewed as a negative and sometimes is thought
~ building community pride in heritage;to destroy or modify the authenticity of an area. But
~ and increasing awareness of the site or area'sone must keep in mind that culture is not pure, it is not
significance.beyond impact; very few communities or areas are
FROM: National Trust for Historic Preservation,beyond influence of some sort or another.
October 2006.Through the coordination and forging of alliances with
Through emphasis on the integration of culturalnumerous organizations the negative side of cultural
education, archaeological interpretations, communityand heritage tourism as well as ecotourism can be
health, and tourism these benefits can bebalanced out by the positive effects of these
accomplished.partnerships and programs. The Lamanai
Although the benefits are numerous and there haveArchaeological Project along with its affiliates: the local
been obvious positive effects of heritage tourism in theresidents, archaeologists, tour operators, government
Lamanai area in northern Belize, every effort must beofficials, and non-profit organizations hope to continue
pursued to not destroy what attracts visitors in theto foster the positive impacts of heritage tourism in the
first place. Although today's travelers are seeking aarea surrounding Lamanai, in northern Belize. We will
more authentic experience, this experience should notcontinue to seek expertise and assistance from
be contrived. A good program should find the fitindividuals within these organizations to further our
among the community, the archaeological project, andefforts.
tourism. There should be a healthy balance between