| If you are looking for a European tourist destination, | | | | Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century Sanctuary of |
| consider the Liguria region of northern Italy, commonly | | | | Nostra Signora di Montallegro (Our Lady of |
| known as the Italian Riviera. This thin strip of land lies | | | | Montallegro), and the Thirteenth Century Monastery of |
| on the Ligurian Sea, not far from Monaco and the | | | | Valle Christi, abandoned for more than four centuries |
| French Riviera. While Liguria is by no means | | | | due to pirates. Visit the local castles that were built to |
| undiscovered, its crowds are much smaller than those | | | | defend against pirates. For a different view of life visit |
| next door. There are many little towns or villages, and | | | | the Museo del Pizzo a Tombolo (Bobbin Lace Museum |
| one international port city almost smack dab in the | | | | of Rapallo). |
| center of the coast. This article explores Liguria east | | | | Chiavari, population about thirty thousand, is a charming |
| of Genoa, or as the locals call it, Riviera di Levante | | | | seaside resort situated in a fertile plain at the mouth of |
| (The Riviera of the Rising Sun.) Be sure to read the | | | | the Entella. Near the station, at the end of a beautiful |
| other articles in this series: western Liguria, Genoa, and | | | | avenue of palms, stands the Seventeenth Century |
| Cinque Terre, five little seaside villages that just might | | | | Cathedral. Morning markets are held on the Piazza |
| steal your heart. | | | | Mazzini in the town center, dominated by the Palace of |
| We start our tour just east of Genoa at the seaside | | | | Justice, to the rear is the Sixteenth Century Citadel |
| town of Nervi. We continue southeast down the coast | | | | Tower. |
| to the Portofino Promontory and the towns of | | | | Moneglia, population about twenty-seven hundred, is a |
| Camogli, Santa Margherita Ligure, and Portofino. Then | | | | quiet resort town that is less expensive than its |
| it's back to the main coast and several destinations: | | | | better-known neighbors. It hosts the Niccolo Paganini |
| Rapallo, Chiavari, Moneglia, La Spezia, Portovenere, and | | | | International Guitar Competition. Moneglia is linked to the |
| finally Lerici. | | | | outside world by a long series of old tunnels. With a |
| The little town of Nervi near Genoa has been a resort | | | | little bad luck you can easily be stopped for a quarter |
| for well over one hundred years. Swimming there is | | | | hour before the light turns green. Imagine if it were |
| not recommended because of Genoa's pollution. You | | | | more popular. |
| may want to visit in July when Nervi hosts the | | | | You may decide to bypass La Spezia, population |
| International Ballet Festival. Nervi's highlight is its | | | | ninety-five thousand, because of its size. You shouldn't. |
| mile-long (1.5 kilometer) Passeggiata (Promenade) Anita | | | | For example, its Thirteenth Century Abbey Church of |
| Garibaldi named for the wife and comrade-in-arms of | | | | Santa Maria Assunta (Our Lady of the Assumption) |
| Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Garibaldi, founder of the | | | | has quite a collection of artwork, often originating in |
| modern Italian state. I'll tell you a bit more about this | | | | other churches demolished over the years. La Spezia |
| great promenade, but first let's talk about Madame | | | | is home to at least eight museums ranging from the |
| Garibaldi. She was born in pre-independence Brazil to a | | | | Museo Tecnico Navale (Technical Naval Museum) to |
| poor family and raised by a single mother. She married | | | | the Centro Arte Moderna e Contemporanea, the |
| at age 14. It is said that when Garibaldi first laid eyes | | | | Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, often |
| on her he could only whisper, "You must be mine." And | | | | known by its Italian acronym CAMeC. When you think |
| she was. She taught the sailor Guiseppe about the | | | | you're done museum hopping be sure to visit the |
| gaucho culture of her homeland and fought by his side | | | | recently restored Castello di San Giorgio (Saint George |
| in many battles. The couple had four children and she | | | | Castle) with its Museo del Castello that houses Roman |
| died where carrying their fifth child several years | | | | and pre-Roman artifacts. |
| before the independence of Italy. In 1860, when | | | | Portovenere, population four thousand, sits at the end |
| Garibaldi rode his horse to greet Victor Emanuel II as | | | | of a peninsula and has seen its share of warfare over |
| King of a United Italy, he wore Anita's striped scarf | | | | the centuries. Make sure to see the Romanesque |
| over his gray South American poncho. | | | | Eleventh Century Basilica of Saint Lawrence, named |
| The rock hewn mile-long (1.5 kilometer) Passeggiata | | | | for a Saint burned alive on a gridiron for not |
| (Promenade) Anita Garibaldi is full of palm and orange | | | | surrendering the church's treasures. This basilica was |
| trees in its 300 acre (120 hectare) park. Make sure to | | | | probably built over the ruins of an ancient temple |
| see the Parco Villa Grimaldi with its magnificent | | | | dedicated to the Roman god Jupiter. The Gothic |
| collection of roses. And don't forget Anita Garibaldi. | | | | Church of Saint Peter, built over a pre-existing Fifth |
| Camogli, population about five thousand, is a beautiful | | | | Century Palaeo-Chrisitian Church, was consecrated |
| harbor community. Its name carries two meanings, | | | | just before the end of the Twelfth Century. That's the |
| "houses close together," and "houses of wives," as the | | | | old part. The new part was constructed a century |
| husbands were usually off fishing. Its major tourist | | | | later. The Grotto Arpaia, also known as Byron's Grotto, |
| attraction is the annual fish fry and festival during the | | | | marks the point where the English poet Lord Byron |
| second weekend of May. Saturday they bless the fish | | | | swam across the Gulf of La Spezia to visit his friend |
| with bonfires and fireworks. Sunday they fry them in | | | | and fellow poet, Percy Bysshe Shelley. Don't try it |
| the world's largest skillet more than 12 feet (about four | | | | yourself unless you are an excellent swimmer, and be |
| meters) in diameter. Camogli is also home to the C. | | | | ready to dodge boat traffic. But you can come here |
| Colombo nautical institute named for you know whom. | | | | for inspiration as Lord Byron did. |
| You may also want to visit the nearby villages of San | | | | Lerici, population about eleven thousand, marks the end |
| Rocco, San Niccolo, and Punta Chiappa. | | | | of our Riviera di Levante tour. It also marked the end |
| Santa Margherita Ligure, population about ten thousand, | | | | of the English poet Shelley who drowned in the Bay of |
| is an old, upscale resort town. There's a Sixteenth | | | | Spezia while returning to his beloved Lerici. He actually |
| Century castle, and a few churches and villas to visit. If | | | | lived in the nearby village of San Terenzo. The Golfo di |
| you have the money you can stay in a top of the line | | | | Lerici was renamed Golfo dei Poeti in honor of these |
| hotel, costing a lot less than in neighboring Portofino. | | | | two great English poets. Make sure to see the |
| According to the famous Roman writer Pliny the Elder | | | | Thirteenth Century Castello di Lerici (Lerici Castle) that |
| the Romans founded Portofino and named it Portus | | | | commanded the bay for centuries and now hosts a |
| Delphini, or Port of the Dolphin, because of the | | | | paleontology museum. |
| numerous dolphins in the nearby waters. Portofino is | | | | What about food? Liguria has quite a seacoast and |
| such a famous tourist attraction that it has been | | | | you won't have to look very far to find a seafood |
| recreated, so to speak, in Japan and at the Portofino | | | | restaurant. One favorite is anchovies, eaten as |
| Bay Resort in Orlando, Florida. The real thing is known | | | | antipasto or as a main dish. Popular fish include |
| to be quite pricey. | | | | Swordfish, Tuna, Sardines, and Sea Bass. |
| Portofino, population about five hundred, not counting | | | | Let's suggest a sample menu, one of many. Start with |
| the very numerous tourists is considered one the most | | | | Zuppa di Pesce (Fish Soup). Then try Pescato del |
| beautiful Mediterranean ports. Be sure to see the | | | | Giorne à la Mode Ligure (Catch of the day, |
| Castello di San Giorgio (Saint George Castle) old | | | | Liguria style - with Potatoes, Olives, and Pine Nuts.) For |
| enough to be restored in the Sixteenth Century, with its | | | | dessert indulge yourself with Canestrelli, literally little |
| lovely gardens, views and exhibit showing famous | | | | boxes (Doughnuts with Confectioners Sugar.) Be sure |
| visitors including Clark Gable, Marilyn Monroe, and | | | | to increase your dining pleasure by including local wines |
| Prince Rainier at play. When you have seen enough of | | | | with your meal. |
| these pictures walk out to the lighthouse and view | | | | We'll conclude with a quick look at Liguria wine. Liguria |
| Portofino's villas from afar. Stop in for a coffee and | | | | doesn't have a lot of room for wine grapes. It ranks |
| watch the fishing boats and ferries go by. Then walk | | | | 19th among the 20 Italian regions for the acreage |
| or ferry to the Tenth-Eleventh Century Abbazia di San | | | | devoted to wine grapes and for total annual wine |
| Fruttuoso now a conservation site that occasionally | | | | production. About 34% of its wine is red or |
| has exhibits. | | | | rosé, leaving 66% white. The region produces |
| Portofino and its surroundings are safeguarded by the | | | | eight DOC wines. DOC stands for Denominazione di |
| Parco Naturale Regionale di Portofino ( Regional | | | | Origine Controllata, which may be translated as |
| Natural Park of Portofino) and by the Area Marina | | | | Denomination of Controlled Origin, presumably a |
| Protetta di Portofino (Protected Marine Area of | | | | high-quality wine. About 14% of Ligurian wine carries |
| Portofino). Visit them both to enjoy the local flora and | | | | the DOC designation. |
| fauna on land and on sea. | | | | There are three DOC wines in the Riviera di Levante |
| Rapallo, population about thirty thousand, was initially | | | | region, not counting Cinque Terre to be discussed in a |
| settled in the Eighth Century B.C. perhaps by the | | | | separate article. The Golfo del Tigullio DOC is |
| Greeks and perhaps by the Etruscans. During World | | | | produced near Portofino from a wide variety of local |
| War I it hosted an important conference and later was | | | | grapes in a wide variety of styles. The dry Colli di Luni |
| the site of two peace treaties including the | | | | DOC is produced both in Liguria near La Spezia and in |
| Russian-German Treaty of Rapallo in 1922. We all | | | | neighboring Tuscany in several styles from the white |
| know how well that worked out. Rapallo was once a | | | | Vermentino grape, the red Sangiovese grape, and |
| major resort area but has not kept up with the times. | | | | several local grapes. The Colline di Levanto DOC is a |
| Be sure to visit the Eleventh Century Cathedral of | | | | dry white or red wine produced from the white |
| Santi Gervasio e Protasio with a great bell tower and | | | | Vermentino grape, the red Sangiovese grape, and |
| interesting paintings. The Church of Santo Stefano, the | | | | several local grapes. Liguria exports very little wine to |
| first parish church in Rapallo, is the oldest building in | | | | North America so you may have to go there to taste |
| town. It was built before the Eleventh Century. Other | | | | the wines. To tell you the truth, there are many better |
| churches include the Church of San Francesco, the | | | | reasons for visiting this lovely area. |
| Sixteenth Century Church of St. Francis of Assisi, the | | | | |