Merida - A Roman Town in Extremadura

420 kilometres north of the Costa del Sol, inWhen wandering around Merida it is impossible not to
Extremadura, is the small town of Merida. It is too farnotice other examples of Roman architecture. There is
for a day trip from the Costa del Sol and in any casean arch, still in use, monumental aqueducts, bath houses
there is far too much to see in one day so try for oneunearthed beneath demolished buildings from a later
of the special offers at the Medea Melia Tryp which isera and many examples of original walls still used in
about 20 minutes walk from the centre of the town.current buildings.
Merida is remarkable in that its history dates back toBreathtaking it may be but you still have to keep body
Roman times and being in a remote, less well-knownand soul together. Fortunately there is no shortage of
part of Spain, has not been developed to any greatwatering holes. Menu del Dia is definitely the way to go
extent. Consequently there are still many traces ofhere and if you get the chance try the ham.
what was once one of the most important RomanExtremadurans claim their ham is superior to Serrano,
and Islamic cities in the peninsula.and they are right.
Augusta Emerita was founded in 25 BC for retiredA favourite form of entertainment during Roman times
Italian soldiers who had fought in the Cantabrian war. Ittook place at the Hippodrome or circus. The one at
was also intended to be the capital of the recently (27Merida is one of only three known in Spain, the other
BC) created province of Lusitania. Its location made it atwo are at Toledo and Tarragona. Built in an oval
communications centre where roads from Lisbonshape, over 400 metres long and 150 metres wide, the
(Olisipo), Astorga (Asturica), Toledo (Toletum), CordobaMerida circus could seat 30,000 people, almost the
(Corduba) and Seville (Hispalis) all met.entire population. They were treated to chariot races,
The Medea Hotel is an excellent place to start anseven laps with no rules other than the winner was
exploration of Augusta Emerita. Even the hotel itself isthe first across the finishing line. Champions were
built in a 'Roman amphitheatre' style and is alongsidevenerated, there were no prizes for coming second
one of the main Roman roads that led to the cityand accidents were common. The chariots were as
allowing us to march smartly down to the Romanlight as possible and pulled by two or four horses. They
bridge. Recently pedestrianized, the bridge has been inentered the ring at the start of the race via starting
constant use for over 2000 years. Repairs over thegates situated in a line at one end of the circus, very
years have been in keeping with the original style andsimilar to the start of a modern horse race today, and
the majority of it is original. It is one of the finestthundered around the central platform that was called
examples of Roman architecture in the peninsular.a spina. On occasion the entire circus could be flooded
Sixty arches carry the bridge across the river to theto enable re-enactments of naval battles.
south gate into the city. On the right of the gate areThe huge amount of water required to flood the arena
the original walls. Those to the left have beenwould have come from the aqueduct that passes the
demolished. It is easy to imagine the legionnaireswestern end of the circus. This is the Acueducto de
breathing a sigh of relief after marching from PortugalSan Lazaro and it is impossible to miss it. The arches
with their destination in sight.supporting the water channel march off for well over
Once in the city the choice of destinations is daunting.a kilometre towards the hills north of the city. Notice
To cover the Roman period a visit to the amphitheatrehow at the circus end modern buildings abut the
and theatre is a must. The theatre is the best exampleaqueduct. There are not many houses with a finer
of its kind in western Europe. Next to the theatre is thearch at the end of the drive than the one here at
amphitheatre. Built in 8 BC it is also an excellentMerida. Recently excavated beneath the aqueduct is
example with many of the passages below thethe site of a public baths area and a sports area, a
seating still in their original form. The pit in the floor wasRoman desportivos.
where gladiators and wild animals were kept prior toWalking back into town you will next arrive at the
their 'performance'. Many people are confused by theCasa del Anfiteatro that is a whole site in its own right.
words theatre and amphitheatre, expecting the latterThe south section of the aqueduct emerges here and
to be a semi circle and the former to be round. Duringthere is a water tower with a house alongside. Inside
the early part of the Roman Empire gladiatorial gamesthe house you will find some wonderful mosaics.
to the death and pitting man against beast wereFrom there it is a short walk to the south end of town,
popular entertainments. These took place in the roundnear the bullring. You will come to a site called
amphitheatre. Later, during the Imperial period, plays andColumbarios, which is a Roman cemetery. Two of the
music became popular and for these purposes thevaults have been identified as belonging to the Julius
semi circular theatres were built.family and the Voconius family. The cemetery would
A visit to the Museum of Roman Art near the theatrehave been situated outside the city walls as was
is also a must. Here you can see the usual glass, coins,customary at the time. The epigraphs and portraits
statues and other artefacts found during excavationshave survived. Leaving the cemetery you will arrive at
but the two highlights are the fine mosaics, and thethe Casa del Mitro. This was a large villa also situated
examples of Roman water technology. Some of theoutside the city walls. Some wall decorations and
mosaics are huge and extremely well preserved.mosaics have survived along with the foundations, an
Romans were as class conscious as any other peopleextensive bath house and a huge underground water
and mosaics were used to impress friends andcistern.
neighbours. The smaller each individual tile in the mosaicTo really take away an idea of what life was like
the more detail can be achieved with consequentialaround the 1st century AD then a visit to Moreria is
increases in cost.essential. This is a 12,000 square metre site behind the
It is the technology that really impresses. Huge bronzecity wall alongside the river north of the Roman bridge.
valves used to isolate sections of water piping forOriginally it was an urban area, the houses, large and
maintenance, valves to control the rate of flow ofsmall are there to see, with a section of the east west
water and one-way valves. A detailed video, alsomain road through the town. It is easy to imagine this
available for sale, shows how the Romans understoodbustling street with covered arcades on each side
and used water pressure to move water vertically ashousing shops and taverns. Four minor roads lead off
well as horizontally. Given a few more years theyand penetrate the city walls to give access to the
could easily have invented the steam engine. It is easyriver. This site is particularly important for revealing a
to realise how the uneducated Visigoths, who replacedcontinuous history of occupation from Roman, through
the Romans, found the technology incomprehensibleVisigoth to Moors and then Christians, each leaving
and thus failed to maintain it.their layer for us to find.