| The Antediluvian Calendar in Genesis 5 illustrates the | | | | The Sumerian year had 12-lunar-months, based upon |
| early Black Head Sumerian zodiac that had six | | | | phases of the moon and just two seasons. Summer |
| astrological signs. Sumerian and Babylonian animal | | | | began on the vernal spring equinox, lasting 6-months |
| zodiacs stipulate the vernal equinox began the New | | | | through until the autumnal equinox. Winter was the |
| Year. Mayan Calendar 260-day-Tzolken-sacred-years | | | | harvest season and outlined by monthly written |
| and 360-day-Tun-years are products of the Decan | | | | characters for hand, seed, grain and cutting. Sighting |
| stars and numbering systems. Egyptian, Greek, Roman, | | | | new moon crescents determined the length of month |
| Chinese, Hindu and African people shared a 12-month | | | | and intercalary lunar months were necessary to keep |
| zodiac. Numerically matching 364-day-Ethiopic-years | | | | the lunar year on track with the solar year. Sumerian, |
| with 364-year-Ethiopic-cycles demonstrates astrology | | | | ancient Hindu and later Semitic days began at |
| in ancient religion. | | | | sundown. |
| Sumerian 6 Sign Zodiac and Mayan Calendar | | | | The Sumerian zodiac had only six houses or star |
| 360-Day-Tun-Years | | | | groups. Modern astrology includes 12 houses or sky |
| The Antediluvian Calendar in Genesis 5 establishes | | | | divisions, including the hidden part beneath the horizon, |
| original counting techniques that carry forward to | | | | and numbers the position from the east at the time of |
| variations of Jewish and Mesoamerican calendar | | | | observation. The first house is rising when the seventh |
| systems. Significant 364-day-Ethiopic-years and the | | | | house is setting in the west, so six houses are visible |
| matching corollary term, 364-year-Ethiopic-cycles | | | | at night. Sumerians spaced their houses some |
| manifest similar traits. Mayan 52-year Calendar | | | | 60-degrees apart or about 60-days during the course |
| Rounds and Judaic 50-year Jubilee Cycles have nearly | | | | of a year instead of today’s 30-day monthly |
| identical properties regarding the 360-day midpoint | | | | division. Sumerians cast the first spiritual underpinnings |
| length of year. Discernable differences arise from how | | | | that relate astrological positions to governing events in |
| the calendars marked four special days in the old year. | | | | the future. National affairs such as war, drought and a |
| New Year beginnings and the annual tally within each | | | | plentiful harvest were the concerns of original |
| cycle are a direct result. Many Mesoamerican | | | | astrology. Priests advised the king and other ruling |
| Calendar variations exist to suggest no firm rules ever | | | | authorities when and how to act in order to appease |
| did apply. Middle Eastern influences controlling religious | | | | the gods. The sky heaven An had a masculine |
| Judaism were contributing factors as well. An ancient | | | | nature. Earth Ki had a feminine nature and |
| Babylonian tradition recites the Creation epic on the | | | | together An and Ki bore Enlil. Enlil was the god |
| fourth day of the New Year’s festival. Exactly | | | | of the air, who ruled over the lil wind or |
| when and how ancient New Year’s Days | | | | atmosphere. |
| increment next year counts within a greater cycle is a | | | | Babylonian astrology-astronomy provides clues we |
| contentious subject. | | | | need to study 360-day-Tun-years in more detail and |
| Annual procedures leading to New Year’s Day | | | | bridge the gap between Mayan and Jewish Calendars. |
| on the vernal, spring equinox divide a Judaic 360-day | | | | Consider looking at the zodiac on the vernal equinox. |
| midpoint length of year into four equal quarters having | | | | Babylonian astronomer priests established a standard |
| 90-days each. The vernal equinox occurs in springtime | | | | set of 18 constellations along and around the ecliptic as |
| when the ecliptic intersects the celestial equator. One | | | | early as 2,000 B.C.E. Stars outside the zodiac belt |
| single day each quarter aligns with each Royal | | | | were useful for orientation purposes. Babylonian |
| day-star. The four archangel stars conclusively identify | | | | astronomer priests later divided the year into 12 star |
| as Regulus, Aldebaran, Antares and Fomalhaut. These | | | | constellations. Dawn heliacal risings for each sign were |
| four archangel stars once signified four cardinal points | | | | separate by about 30-days. Precision involved erecting |
| in the ancient year. Descriptions in the Books of Enoch | | | | fixed sacred pillars called Baals in the Old Testament |
| and elsewhere add these 4-day stars to 360-days | | | | for observation purposes. Egyptian and early |
| every year to create the 364-day-Ethiopic-year. One | | | | Babylonian zodiacs had 36 Decans or star groups |
| Royal day-star adds with each of four quarters. Early | | | | which were separated by about 10-days during the |
| astronomy and astrology combine long ago. Regulus | | | | year. Prior to the Roman Julian Calendar, the Romans |
| introduces the summer solstice. Regulus is the heart of | | | | were using a 10-month calendar with 36-day-months. |
| the constellation Leo the lion and leader of the four | | | | Eventually 12-months stabilized more or less in their |
| royal stars. Aldebaran is a red giant star and the Eye | | | | current configuration. Lunar months having 29-days or |
| of Taurus the Bull. Antares is the heart of the Scorpion. | | | | 30-days became the norm for nomadic people and |
| Fomalhaut belongs to the Southern Fish, Pisces. | | | | expanding Greco-Roman culture into larger geographic |
| According to Enoch, the four day-stars are isolated | | | | areas. Mesoamerican Calendars are the exception to |
| and especially not included in the regular | | | | strict lunar observation. Fixed ceremonial centers |
| computation of the year. | | | | encourage dividing 360-day-Tun-years into 18 Uinals of |
| The Antediluvian Calendar is similar to the classical | | | | 20-days each. The Mayan lunar series or |
| Mayan Calendar in many respects. A | | | | supplementary series evidences that moon glyphs |
| 360-day-Tun-year consists of 18 Uinal periods of | | | | tracked phases and cycles. However, the majority of |
| 20-days each. The 18 Uinal glyph names reflect an | | | | lunar scripts are still unknown. |
| original group of 18 affiliated Mesoamerican tribes. | | | | Babylonian worship divided the starry sky into three |
| Many Old Testament researchers relate the famous | | | | different bands around 3,000 B.C.E. The northern band |
| 12 tribes of Israel to 12 astrological signs of the ancient | | | | was the Path of Anu. Winter constellations correspond |
| Mesopotamian zodiac. We associate zodiac names | | | | primarily with the Path of Anu. Our latitude limits the |
| with "zoo," because most constellations aptly name | | | | stars we see with respect to the Tropic of Capricorn. |
| animal gods. Familiar names include Leo the lion, Aries | | | | Extending the equator into space creates a |
| the ram, Scorpio the scorpion, Cancer the crab, Pisces | | | | mathematical plane that aligns with the celestial |
| the fish, Capricorn the goat and Taurus the bull. God | | | | equator. Babylonians replaced the earth-mother |
| made the heavenly bodies to show us SIGNS that | | | | Sumerian Ki with Ea. From eastern to |
| serve to mark calendar time. Since ancient days, | | | | western horizons, the central Path of Ea identifies our |
| humanity has encompassed the pseudo-science of | | | | modern celestial equator. To the south is the Path of |
| astrology to render interpretations involving motions of | | | | Enlil band. Latitude position again limits the stars seen in |
| the sun, moon, planets and stars. Our intentions here | | | | the summer sky with respect to the Tropic of Cancer. |
| posit archaic spiritual preoccupations against the | | | | Calendar months reckon 30-days according to the rule |
| backdrop of emerging calendar science. | | | | of three stars each. Each Decan star was from |
| Genesis 1:14-15 | | | | a different band in the sky. Carved figures often |
| And God said, "Let there be lights in the expanse of | | | | represent sprits for each of the 36 Decan stars. A |
| the sky to separate the day from the night, and let | | | | new Decan star rose about every 10-days. The |
| them serve as signs to mark seasons and days and | | | | Decans were mighty, great gods. Decan stars were |
| years, and let them be lights in the expanse of the sky | | | | companions and guides to help the deceased. Some |
| to give light on the earth. And it was so. | | | | stars bestowed blessings while others were hostile or |
| Mayan worship spread the | | | | adverse. |
| 260-day-Tzolken-sacred-year amongst polytheism. | | | | Mesoamerican Calendars distinguish a visible nighttime |
| Numbered day signs from 1 to 13 associate with animal | | | | sky that divides the 260-day-Tzolken-sacred-year |
| god names in the Maya glyph language. The ecliptic | | | | zodiac into 13 animal constellations. The ecliptic or |
| marks the double-headed serpent path of the Mayan | | | | celestial equator subsequently determines the Tzolken |
| zodiac. According to the Paris codex, Mayan god | | | | part of the Mayan Calendar. Babylonian and Egyptian |
| animals were in position at the time of the vernal | | | | zodiacs concentrate upon the entire 36 Decan star |
| equinox in 3113 B.C.E. or the presumed starting date of | | | | array during the year with a three stars each |
| the Mayan Calendar. Of course, not all 13 constellations | | | | notion. Half of 36 Decan stars are the visible 18 Decan |
| in the zodiac were visible together. Only four | | | | stars during 6-months of either winter or summer. The |
| constellations were viewable while the other nine were | | | | other 18 Decan stars belong to the opposing 6-months |
| below the horizon in the nether underworld. Known | | | | and are below the horizon. Again, Sumerians noticed |
| parts of the zodiac appear in a manner that compare | | | | six 60-degree houses that later evolved into the |
| with other zodiacs. Scorpio equates with the scorpion. | | | | earliest Babylonian 18 astrological signs. By 1,200 B.C.E., |
| Gemini appears related to a pig. Mayan turtle stars | | | | Mesoamerican Olmecs concerned themselves with 13 |
| form sections of the Gemini and Orion constellations. | | | | visible astrological signs of a |
| The ecliptic ends with the rattlesnake tail we call the | | | | 260-day-Tzolken-sacred-year. The 360-day-Tun-year |
| Pleiades. The Pleiades rest midway between Aries | | | | and 365-day-Haab-years are later additions to the |
| and Taurus. Aries is the Jaguar god, Leo is a frog and | | | | Mesoamerican Calendars. The ecliptic pathway |
| finally Scorpion. Dual Mayan Calendar years worked | | | | eventually replaced the central Path of Ea as |
| like meshed gears to perform one 52-year Calendar | | | | reference to divide the Semitic sky by a factor of |
| Round that has 18,980-days. Counterpart to the | | | | three. Reducing the Sumerian-Babylonian numbering |
| 360-day-Tun-year was the | | | | system from sexagesimal (base 60) to the later |
| 260-day-Tzolken-sacred-year. Continuation of religious | | | | Mesoamerican vigesimal (base 20), infers that |
| festivals has preserved beliefs surrounding the | | | | Mesoamerica 360-day-Tun-years were using |
| zodiacal Tzolken. | | | | 20-degree houses for their astrological signs. Each |
| The ancient Mesoamerican Tzolken zodiac includes | | | | astrological Uinal continued to have three Decan stars |
| the constellation Ophiuchus according to many | | | | in the tribal Tun schema of 18 Uinals. The |
| archeo-astrologists. Stargazers recognize Ophiuchus | | | | Mesoamerican zodiac supplants the 12-house |
| as the Serpent Holder 13th sign between Scorpio and | | | | Sumerian-Babylonian zodiac that had three Decan |
| Sagittarius. Lunar months favor traditional 12 | | | | stars each. |
| astrological sign zodiacs in a 360-day format. The | | | | Babylonian and Egyptian 360-day-calendar-years are |
| 12-month zodiac omits Ophiuchus even though the | | | | equal to 36 Decan stars multiplied by 10-days each |
| ecliptic passes through it. The Serpent Holder was the | | | | (Eqn. 1). The 260-day-Tzolken-sacred-year results |
| mysterious Grecian god healer Aesculapius, who had | | | | from 13 Tzolken sacred zodiac signs of 20-days each |
| the ability to raise the dead and cure the sick. Obscure | | | | (Eqn. 2). The Mayan Calendar 360-day-Tun-year |
| ties with Sumerian or Babylonian zodiacs entwine | | | | answers for 18 Uinals multiplied by 20-days each (Eqn. |
| Ophiuchus with Creation tales of Tiamut, Enki and | | | | 3). Compared with Semitic cosmology, the Mayan |
| Marduk - Jupiter. Ophiuchus is the hidden constellation. | | | | moon goddess seems like the Venus Ishtar goddess |
| Judaic views about monotheism recognize a single | | | | of rebirth and fertility. As the moon goddess moved |
| omnipotent God without regard to any other form of | | | | through 13 sacred signs and 18 star groups coincident |
| idolatry, man made or celestial. Lunar months have | | | | with 18 tribes, she held the fertility profile of a Rabbit |
| always been traditionally important to Jewish Calendar | | | | in the Moon. |
| reckoning. Whether three 30-day months culminate in | | | | Mesoamerican cultures may have alternatively |
| 90-day quarters or as part of Metonic 19-year lunar | | | | adapted the Babylonian Eighteen Stars Path of the |
| solar cycles, sighting the new moon crescent was of | | | | Moon to the ecliptic that marks apparent motions of |
| paramount importance to Jewish Calendar reckoning. | | | | the sun and moon. The Greek zodiac 2,000-years ago |
| Jewish month names show Sumerian-Babylonian | | | | borrowed 12 astrological sign names from 12 |
| influence. Sumerian and Babylonian calendars also | | | | astronomical constellations. Greco-Roman zodiacs |
| began months according to new moon crescents. | | | | consistently lay along the ecliptic. Concordance with |
| Monotheism replaced polytheism for Jewish people | | | | the Egyptian zodiac has shown the ecliptic was a |
| living in Mesopotamia. | | | | focus for astral worship. Today, there are several |
| Sumerian cosmology is responsible for an early set of | | | | different permutations of the zodiac and personal |
| core beliefs found in the Holy Bible. Sumerians have | | | | horoscopes are an outgrowth resource once |
| the distinction of being the earliest inhabitants of the | | | | reserved for kings and leaders. |
| Fertile Crescent region. Beginning 8,000-years B.C.E., | | | | Equations |
| Sumerian culture realized a priest-astronomer class, | | | | Semitic 360-day-calendar-year |
| improved agrarian techniques and developed the first | | | | 1. 36 Decan stars x 10-days = 360-day-midpoint length |
| sexagesimal (base 60) numbering system. Sumerian | | | | of year |
| language bears affinity to vocabulary and similar | | | | Mayan 260-day-Tzolken-sacred-year, 13 animal gods |
| concepts found in the ancient tongues of India and | | | | relate with 13 Zodiac Constellations |
| Africa. They referred to themselves as Black | | | | 2. 13-animal gods x 20-days = |
| Heads. The name Sudan traces the Land of the | | | | 260-day-Tzolken-sacred-year |
| Blacks. Biblical references may include the famous | | | | Mayan 360-day-Tun-year, 18 Uinals relate with Early |
| Kingdom of Kush from Northern Sudan eastward to | | | | Babylonian 18 Zodiac Constellations |
| the Nile River. One other point is worth mentioning. | | | | 3. 18 Uinals 20-days = 360-day-Tun-year |
| Etymology for the name Adam shows derivation from | | | | Are you a pastor, educator or a student of the Holy |
| the Assyrian Adami or man. Some references also | | | | Bible? seeks anointed people to review and contribute |
| indicate Adami was particularly the black headed man. | | | | to the Ages of Adam ministry. Ancient lunar/solar |
| In light of the Ethiopic 364-day-calendar-year and full | | | | calendars like the Jewish and Mayan calendars |
| knowledge that cultural exchanges took place | | | | provide the background to understanding early time. |
| between Northern Africa and Egypt, there is | | | | Ancient calendars of the Holy Bible use differences |
| reasonable assurance that Sumerian astrology and | | | | between the moon and sun, numerical matching and a |
| astronomy predicates later Babylonian and Egyptian | | | | 364-day calendar year to describe X-number of days |
| zodiacs. Astrological signs are the ancient | | | | that match with X-number of years. Ages of Adam is |
| mathematical interpretations that measure time. Entire | | | | a free read at |
| pictures decorated minds and artwork long ago. | | | | Clark Nelson is webmaster for and author of Ages of |
| Astronomical constellations are the modern approach | | | | Adam and sequel, Holy of Holies. Contact for more |
| that purely references scientific observation. Many star | | | | information. © Copyright 2006 Clark Nelson and All |
| charts contain line diagrams that signify astrological sign | | | | Rights Reserved. |
| shapes. | | | | |