The History of Hawaiian Architecture

Though many modern buildings found on the islands ofcentury, Hawaiian Romanesque became the popular
Hawaii closely resemble the buildings found on thearchitectural style. Dark basalt gave these buildings a
United States mainland, the historic architecture ofuniquely Hawaiian appearance despite their classical
Hawaii is a symbol of the rich cultural traditions of thestyle.
islands. For centuries, Hawaii has been a melting pot,Hawaiian Gothic architecture, a style popular after 1910,
with travelers coming from other Polynesian islands aswas known for being quite elaborate. For the first time,
well as elsewhere around the globe. The architecturestained glass was used in Hawaiian buildings. However,
was influenced by all of these diverse visitors, creatingnative Hawaiians soon decided that Gothic buildings
a uniquely Hawaiian style. The various styles oflooked out of place in the Hawaiian environment. Art
buildings seen here reflect both Western and nativeDeco followed in the 1920s and 1930s, combining
styles that have come to the islands over the years,Hawaiian motifs and tropical materials with the modern
from early European traders and whalers toappearance of buildings then being constructed on the
missionaries to Polynesians sailing haphazardly frommainland.
other islands.Since the 1970s, the Hawaiian Plantation style has
The earliest known Hawaiian architecture took thebeen one of the more popular designs, combining
form of simple shacks and huts built by ancientplantation architecture with trends from California and
Hawaiians. The patterns in which thatched huts wereelsewhere in the Western United States. With
assembled served to identify the profession andwide-hipped or bell-shaped roof styles, Hawaiian
wealth of the resident. With the arrival of missionariesPlantation buildings are instantly recognizable, and this
during the nineteenth centuries, the first Western-stylestyle has been used for many new construction
frame houses were built in Hawaii. These buildingsprojects throughout the islands.
typically mirrored the simple architectural styles then inToday, visitors to Hawaii can experience traditional
use in New England, with clapboard siding andarchitecture from many different time periods. Much of
high-pitched roofs. This style soon incorporatedthe famous architecture in Hawaii combines several of
traditional Hawaiian elements and became known asthe styles popular on the islands throughout history.
Hawaiian Mission architecture. Sometimes, coral blocksOne of the most famous historic ranches in the entire
were even used instead of wood construction. Thecountry, the Parker Ranch, was built in 1847 on the Big
Kawaiahao Church in Honolulu is one example of thisIsland. Since the mid-1900s, downtown Waikiki has
style.been home to numerous midcentury and modern
One of the last native Hawaiian kings, Kamehamehahigh-rises built next to rows of palm trees. Countless
V, favored Hawaiian Renaissance architecture. Manytourists also visit the Hawaii State Capitol building,
of the buildings built during his reign in the mid 1800spurposely built to incorporate nature and the traditional
were styled after historic Italian buildings and elegantarchitecture of Hawaii in what became known as the
Roman architecture. By the end of the nineteenthHawaiian International style of the mid-1900s.