The Quest For the Historical Israel - Archeology and History

Israel Finklestein and Amihai Mazar, The Quest for thebetween Finkelstein and Mazar. Mazar still maintains
Historical Israel: Debating Archaeology and the Historythere was a united monarchy under David and
of Early Israel. Invited Lectures Delivered at the SixthSolomon while Finklestein argues that David and
Biennial Colloquium of the International Institute forSolomon were no more than chieftains in an
Secular Humanistic Judaism, Detroit, October 2005.underdeveloped south that was not yet a state. Mazar
Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2007.also stretches the period of biblical origins to the eighth
In this collection, two prominent Israeli archaeologiststhrough the seventh centuries rather than limiting it to
share their credo and philosophy as well as their viewsthe reign of Josiah. He criticizes Finklestein as seeing
on the history of early Israel. They are not far apart.too much of the Deuteronomistic History as a
Both make it clear that they differ from revisionists orreflection of Josiah projected backward, for Mazar
minimalists like Philip Davies and Thomas Thompsonthinks the collecting and editing involved passing down
and also from the biblical school founded by Williamrecollections showing the influence of earlier periods.
Albright. Finkelstein calls his position the center betweenBoth scholars believe in viewing history retrospectively
those extremes.by honing in on the period of Josiah and looking
The view from the center is that the Deuteronomisticbackward from that point as through a telescope to
History, Torah, and many prophets were compiled andsee what parts of early history have value.
edited in the late monarchy, not in the post-exilic orAll in all, these scholars are not far apart on most of
Hellenistic periods as revisionists claim. This view alsowhat they have to say. One of their biggest
maintains that there is historical value in the biblicaldifferences is that they use different approaches to
historical accounts. Finklestein makes it clear that hedating Yigael Yadin's discoveries at Megiddo, thus
cannot go along with revisionists who maintain thatleading to their divergences over the united monarchy.
much of the Hebrew Bible was invented out of thin air.This collection can be recommended to anyone
He says: "It is unthinkable that the biblical authorsinterested in seeing how archaeology impacts the
invented stories only in order to serve their aims. Hadhistory of early Israel. I would also recommend the
they done that they would have lost credibility amongstatements of personal philosophy in the first and last
the people of Judah, their target population." (p. 18)lectures they give.
These lectures also bring out significant disagreements